Trade Barriers

The United States Trade Representative classifies trade barriers into eight
general categories: (1) import policies (tariffs and other import charges,
quantitative restrictions, import licensing, and customs barriers); (2)
standards, testing, labeling, and certification; (3) government
procurement; (4) export subsidies; (5) lack of intellectual property
protection; (6) service barriers; (7) investment barriers; and (8) other
barriers (e.g., barriers encompassing more than one category or barriers
affecting a single sector).